Wood Biofuel Could Be a Competitive Industry by 2020

ScienceDaily (Nov. 8, 2011) — Fuel made from wood could become a competitive commercial alternative to fuel made from corn by 2020 if the wood biofuel industry is supported, according to a new University of British Columbia study.

Corn ethanol is currently blended with gasoline to satisfy government-mandated targets to include renewable content in transportation fuel. Compared to corn, wood-based biofuel is considered more sustainable but is not currently produced in large commercial quantities in Canada and the United States because the costs are too great.

The study, published in the most recent issue of the journal Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining, identifies several opportunities for reducing these costs. Researchers in UBC’s Faculty of Forestry found that large-scale commercial production of wood-based ethanol, also known as cellulosic ethanol, will reduce capital and operation costs and assist in achieving the improvements necessary for wood-based ethanol to compete, without government support.

Read the complete article at ScienceDaily

Using Biochar to Boost Soil Moisture

By Ann Perry

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) are leading the way in learning more about “biochar,” the charred biomass created from wood, other plant material, and manure.

The studies by Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists at laboratories across the country support the USDA priorities of promoting international food security and responding to global climate change. ARS is USDA’s chief intramural scientific research agency.

Soil scientist Jeff Novak at the ARS Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center in Florence, S.C., is coordinating the multi-location effort. In one project, he led a laboratory study to see if different biochars could improve the sandy soils found on the Carolina coastal plain, and Pacific Northwest silt loam soils derived from volcanic ash.

Novak’s team used peanut hulls, pecan shells, poultry litter, switchgrass and hardwood waste products to produce nine different types of biochars. All the feedstocks were pyrolysed at two different temperatures to produce the biochars. Pyrolysis is a process of chemical decomposition that results from rapid heating of the raw feedstocks in the absence of oxygen. Then the biochars were mixed into one type of sandy soil and two silt loam soils at the rate of about 20 tons per acre.

After four months, the team found that biochars produced from switchgrass and hardwoods increased soil moisture storage in all three soils. They saw the greatest increase in soils amended with switchgrass biochar produced via high-temperature pyrolysis—almost 3 to 6 percent higher than a control soil sample.

Biochars produced at higher temperatures also increased soil pH levels, and biochar made from poultry litter greatly increased soil levels of available phosphorus and sodium. The scientists also calculated that the switchgrass biochar amendments could extend the window of soil water availability by 1.0 to 3.6 days for a soybean crop in Florence, and could increase soil water availability for crops grown in Pacific Northwest silt loam soils by 0.4 to 2.5 days.

Given their results, the team believes that agricultural producers could someday select feedstocks and pyrolysis processes to make “designer” biochars with characteristics that target specific deficiencies in soil types.

Results from this study were published in Annals of Environmental Science and in the Journal of Environmental Quality.

Read more about this work in the November/December 2011 issue of Agricultural Research magazine.

http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/pr/2011/111108.htm

Wood Biofuel Could Be a Competitive Industry by 2020

ScienceDaily (Nov. 8, 2011) — Fuel made from wood could become a competitive commercial alternative to fuel made from corn by 2020 if the wood biofuel industry is supported, according to a new University of British Columbia study.

Corn ethanol is currently blended with gasoline to satisfy government-mandated targets to include renewable content in transportation fuel. Compared to corn, wood-based biofuel is considered more sustainable but is not currently produced in large commercial quantities in Canada and the United States because the costs are too great.

The study, published in the most recent issue of the journal Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining, identifies several opportunities for reducing these costs. Researchers in UBC’s Faculty of Forestry found that large-scale commercial production of wood-based ethanol, also known as cellulosic ethanol, will reduce capital and operation costs and assist in achieving the improvements necessary for wood-based ethanol to compete, without government support.

Read the complete article at ScienceDaily

Identifying Hidden Energy and Sustainability Costs

Join Environmental Leader for a webinar on Wednesday, November 16, 2011 at 10am PST/1pm EST, discussing hidden energy and sustainability costs.

Learn first-hand how organizations are gaining comprehensive visibility of their overall energy spend with a single, enterprise-wide system of record.

Register now to join Tom Harrington, senior program manager, workplace services at Intuit and Jason Smith, manager of sales engineering at Hara, for an insightful one-hour discussion.

Topics will include:

  • Why energy management is a broken business process, but also a here and now opportunity
  • How to drive energy measurement to enable better analysis, planning and action
  • How Intuit is achieving success in its energy and sustainability initiatives.

This webcast offers both essential education and practical advice from expert practitioners.

Renewable Energy for America: NEVADA Overview

Nevada is the fastest-growing state in the country in terms of population — and in electricity consumption as well. Nevada spent more than $11 billion on coal, natural gas, petroleum products, and other fuel in 2008, and most of that money left the state.[1][2] Nevada lawmakers have acted quickly to find a smarter way to power the state, with locally produced renewable energy. Flooded with more than 250 days of sunshine a year, Nevada has the greatest solar energy resources in the country, and has abundant wind and geothermal energy potential to boot.[3] The state legislature enacted its first renewable portfolio standard in 1997, and has raised the bar several times since then. The current standard requires utilities to generate 25 percent of their power from renewable sources by 2025, with 6 percent to come from solar energy by 2016.[4]

Developing Nevada’s own energy resources could also be powerful tool for economic development, especially in rural areas where many have lost jobs. A UNLV study for the state’s Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation Task Force estimates that generating just 7 percent of Nevada’s electricity from in-state renewable sources will create more than 2,500 jobs and generate $310 million in revenue each year. At 15 percent, the job tally would top 5,000, and annual revenues would reach $665 million.[5]

Read the complete article at NRDC

Bulbrite Incandescent Aims to Beat the ‘Ban’

Bulbrite has launched its Halogen A19 lamp, an incandescent bulb the company describes as “eco-friendly,” and that complies with the Energy Independence and Security Act.

The act takes effect January 1, 2012 and requires general-service light bulbs to operate up to 30 percent more efficiently than current standards require, effectively outlawing the sale of most incandescent bulbs.

The Halogen A19, a recent winner of the Platinum Award for Design Excellence, is available in four models from 29 to 72 watts. It is dimmer-friendly and can last up to 1,000 hours, the company says.

In April, Philips announced a range of incandescent light bulbsthat it says comply with the impeding regulations. The EcoVantage range has the same look, shape and feel as common household bulbs, but, similar to Bulbrite’s offering, uses halogen technology to offer energy savings.

California is phasing out incandescents a year early. But other states have pushed back against the regulations.

In March, South Carolina legislators introduced theIncandescent Light Bulb Freedom Act, which would permit manufacturers to make incandescent bulbs in the state, as long as the bulbs are stamped with the words “Made in South Carolina” and sold only in that state.

Broad-Based LUMEN Coalition Unveils New Website to ‘Enlighten’ Consumers about Energy-Efficient Lighting

Consumers Can Enjoy More Bulb Choices, More Energy Bill Savings

www.lumennow.org

Washington, D.C., October 19, 2011 – Energy-efficient lighting means more options and more savings.  The more energy-efficient light bulbs U.S. consumers use in their homes, the greater the savings – $50 to more than $100 a year per household.  Those are key messages that the diverse LUMEN coalition – Lighting Understanding for a More Efficient Nation – is conveying to consumers, beginning with today’s launch and website debut.

LUMEN’s primary goal is helping consumers understand the variety of lighting options available to meet their diverse lighting needs and save them money while saving energy.

Money-Saving Choices Already Available

Money-saving choices are already on the market, ahead of the three-year transition that begins January 1, 2012. California began leading the way a year early in January 2011.

“Lighting manufacturers have been preparing for this transition for many years. Resources have been focused on changes in packaging and in new product development. NEMA welcomes this effort to help consumers understand the many choices they have as this transition takes place,” said NEMA Lighting Division Chair Pekka Hakkarainen.

“LUMEN will clear up misinformation,” said Alliance President Kateri Callahan. “For example, consumers can buy new energy-efficient incandescent light bulbs using halogen technology that look like the old, wasteful bulbs and provide the same light quality but are about 30 percent more efficient and last up to three times longer. Also, both compact fluorescent light bulbs, or CFLs, and light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, are 75 percent more efficient and last longer. In fact, LEDs can last up to 25 years!”

“A homeowner now has many more options than ever before when it comes to lighting the home.  Understanding which option is best for a specific application is where LUMEN members can help the homeowner.  The lighting industry is going through a technological transition and we need to help educate the consumers,” said Larry Lauck of the American Lighting Association.

New FTC Labels

In addition to “enlightening” the public about the variety and benefits of new lighting choices, the LUMEN website also explains the new FTC labels that will ease the transition from measuring how much electricity a bulb uses in watts to measuring a bulb’s light output in lumens – hence the coalition’s acronym. These labels will be found on an increasing number of light bulb packages as the January 2012 implementation date approaches. The new labels provide information on a bulb’s longevity, lifetime cost and the appearance of the light it sheds on a continuum from cool to warm.

Under the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, inefficient 100-watt bulbs will no longer be made starting January 1, 2012, though retailers can sell out their existing stocks of old bulbs. The higher energy-efficiency standards will apply to 75-watt bulbs starting January 1, 2013, and to 60- and 40-watt bulbs beginning January 1, 2014.

Industry Reacts to Stronger Energy Star

The federal Energy Star program, one of the favorite targets of the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) and other government investigators, is cleaning up its act, according to the most recent GAO report. But in interviews, representatives of industry associations and companies said they were worried about the increasing cost of being an Energy Star partner and that the introduction of a pilot program for an Energy Star most efficient category has the potential to bifurcate the program and devalue the original Energy Star label. 
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